This marks an unprecedented moment in Congolese history, as no former head of state has ever faced such serious charges. Joseph Kabila, who ruled the country from 2001 to 2019, currently enjoys immunity as a senator for life. However, the minister confirmed that a formal request will be submitted to the Senate to lift that immunity.
“We have credible evidence suggesting that the former president maintained direct links with the Congo River Alliance (AFC) and the M23, who are responsible for grave crimes in the east,” Mutamba said during a press conference. “Justice will do its job independently, in the name of the Congolese people.”
Serious and Historic Allegations
According to the ministry, Kabila is suspected of facilitating the organization of a politico-military network through the AFC—a group recently formed and allegedly aligned with the M23 rebel movement. The M23 has been accused of atrocities against civilians, mass displacements, and serious human rights violations in eastern DRC.
The charges of treason and insurrectional activity suggest Kabila may have actively undermined state authority. If proven, these charges could carry a sentence of life imprisonment, especially in relation to crimes against humanity.
A Politically Volatile Climate
This announcement comes amid rising political tensions between the current government and Kabila’s allies. His supporters are already denouncing what they call a “politically motivated campaign” to permanently eliminate him from the national scene.
However, members of civil society and some legal experts see it as a bold move. “This could be a decisive step toward ending impunity in the DRC,” said one magistrate who asked to remain anonymous.
Institutional Test Ahead
Any prosecution of Kabila will require the Senate to lift his immunity—a process that could prove contentious, given the influence he still holds within the upper chamber. The outcome of that vote may determine both the feasibility of the trial and the future balance of power in Congolese politics.
Meanwhile, the Attorney General’s office has been formally engaged, and some of Kabila’s assets may be sealed or frozen as part of precautionary measures while investigations proceed.
